Assertion Reason MCQs of Indian Economy on the eve of Independence Class 12
Looking for Assertion Reason based MCQs of chapter 1 (Indian Economy on the eve of independence) of Indian Economic Development class 12 CBSE, ISC, UPSC
We have compiled the very important assertion reason multiple choice questions with answers of chapter 1 of economics class 12
Assertion Reason Multiple Choice Questions with answers of Indian economy on the eve of independence class 12
Let’s Practice
Read the following statements: Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Choose one of the correct alternatives given below:
Assertion (A): India became an exporter of primary products and an importer of finished consumer and capital goods produced in Britain.
Reason (R): Restrictive policies of commodity production, trade, and tariff pursued by the colonial government adversely affected the structure, composition, and volume of India’s foreign trade.
Alternatives:
a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is False
d) Assertion (A) is False but Reason (R) is true.
Ans – a)
Read the following statements: Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Choose one of the correct alternatives given below:
Assertion (A): India became an exporter of primary products and an importer of finished consumer and capital goods produced in Britain.
Reason (R): Restrictive policies of commodity production, trade, and tariff pursued by the colonial government adversely affected the structure, composition, and volume of India’s foreign trade.
Alternatives:
a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is False
d) Assertion (A) is False but Reason (R) is true.
Ans – a)
Explanation:- Restriction of producing goods, tarrif rules and negligence of british government towards the industrial growth in the counrtry forces india becoming only the exporter of raw material and importer of finished consumer goods produced by the britain in its own country
Read the following statements: Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Choose one of the correct alternatives given below:
Assertion (A): The economic condition of farmers under British rule improved a lot.
Reason (R): Commercialisation of agriculture took place under British rule.
Alternatives:
a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is False
d) Assertion (A) is False but Reason (R) is true.
Ans – d)
a
Read the following statements: Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Choose one of the correct alternatives given below:
Assertion (A): Britishers destroyed the indigenous handicraft market in India.
Reason (R): India was made market for British manufactured products.
Alternatives:
a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is False
d) Assertion (A) is False but Reason (R) is true.
Ans -a)
Explanation:- In order to make India, market of British products. British government destroys the handicraft industry of India.
Read the following statements: Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Choose one of the correct alternatives given below:
Assertion (A): During British rule, the production of cash crops improved the economic condition of farmers.
Reason (R): Farmers were given higher prices to produce cash crops.
Alternatives:
a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is False
d) Assertion (A) is False but Reason (R) is true.
Ans – d)
Read the following statements: Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Choose one of the correct alternatives given below:
Assertion (A): During British rule, India saw a huge drain of wealth.
Reason (R): India generated a large export surplus during the period.
Alternatives:
a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is False
d) Assertion (A) is False but Reason (R) is true.
Ans – b)
Explanation:- Both Assertion and Reason are true But Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion as it does not explain how drain of wealth happen in India during the British rule. during British period, Britishers took away a lot of wealth in terms of raw material, gold, diamonds etc. Apart from it, Britishers forced Indian farmers to cultivate cash crops such as jute, indigo, cotton at a large scale. The production was at that high scale that after exporting to other countries it remain unsold and pile as export surplus in India.
Read the following statements: Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Choose one of the correct alternatives given below:
Assertion (A): Indian was an export deficit country under British rule.
Reason (R): India’s foreign exchange earning was used by Britishers.
Alternatives:
a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is False
d) Assertion (A) is False but Reason (R) is true.
Ans – d)
Read the following statements: Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Choose one of the correct alternatives given below:
Assertion (A): During the British colonial rule in India, Britishers built roads extensively to cover the nation.
Reason (R): Roads were built by Britishers primarily to mobilise army.
Alternatives:
a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is False
d) Assertion (A) is False but Reason (R) is true.
Ans – d)
Explanation:- Britishers did not build roads extensively in each and every erea of India. They built the road where they needed to just mobilise army and to transport raw material upto the ports.
Read the following statements: Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Choose one of the correct alternatives given below:
Assertion (A): Decline of Handicraft Industry led to increase in import of manufactured goods from given below:
Reason (R): The Indian-made goods could not withstand the foreign competition of machine-made cheap goods.
Alternatives:
a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is False
d) Assertion (A) is False but Reason (R) is true.
Ans – a)
Read the following statements: Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Choose one of the correct alternatives given below:
Assertion (A): Under British colonial rule, agricultural production decreased.
Reason (R): In absolute terms, the agricultural sector experienced some growth due to the expansion of the aggregate area under cultivation.
Alternatives:
a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is False
d) Assertion (A) is False but Reason (R) is true.
Ans – d)
Explanation:- Agricultural production was not decreased rather it was increased so much it leads to export surplus. But Britishers only focused on cash crops. Thus Assertion is false. The reason is true, there was an increase in aggregate area under cultivation.
Read the following statements: Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Choose one of the correct alternatives given below:
Assertion (A): Nearly 75 percent of the workforce was engaged in the agriculture sector under British rule.
Reason (R): Bombay and Bengal witnessed a decline in the workforce dependent on agriculture.
Alternatives:
a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is False
d) Assertion (A) is False but Reason (R) is true.
Ans – b)
Read the following statements: Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Choose one of the correct alternatives given below:
Assertion (A): The commercialization of agriculture helped farmers in improving their economic condition.
Reason (R): Instead of producing food crops, now they were producing cash crops which were to be ultimately used by British industries back home.
Alternatives:
a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is False
d) Assertion (A) is False but Reason (R) is true.
Ans – d)
Explanation:- Commercialization did not improve economic condition of the farmers. Rather it results in misery as due to lack of cash crops, farmers faced shortage of foods. Thus Assertion is false, Reason is True, In British rule farmers were forced to produced cash crops that was ultimately used by Britishers in their industries in Britain.
Read the following statements: Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Choose one of the correct alternatives given below:
Assertion (A): The agricultural sector accounted for the largest share of the workforce with approximately 75%.
Reason (R): All the states witnessed an increase in the dependence of the workforce on the agricultural sector.
Alternatives:
a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is False
d) Assertion (A) is False but Reason (R) is true.
Ans – c)
Read the following statements: Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Choose one of the correct alternatives given below:
Assertion (A): India developed a sound industrial base under colonial rule.
Reason (R): The country’s world-famous handicraft industries declined.
Alternatives:
a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is False
d) Assertion (A) is False but Reason (R) is true.
Ans – d)
Explanation:- No sound industrial base was developed by britishers in India. Thus Assertion is false. Reason is True, Indis’a famour handicraft industry declined due to partial tariff rules and Industrialisation in Britain.
Read the following statements: Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Choose one of the correct alternatives given below:
Assertion (A): Per capita income is national income divided by the total population of the country
Reason (R): India’s per capita income was very low at the time of independence.
Alternatives:
a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is False
d) Assertion (A) is False but Reason (R) is true.
Ans – b)
Read the following statements: Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Choose one of the correct alternatives given below:
Assertion (A): During the second half of the 19th century, the modern industry began to take root in India.
Reason (R): Initially, this development was confined to the setting up of cotton and jute textile mills. Subsequently, the iron and steel industries began coming up at the beginning of the 20th century. A few other industries in the fields of sugar, cement, paper, etc. came up after the Second World War.
Alternatives:
a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is False
d) Assertion (A) is False but Reason (R) is true.
Ans – a)
Explanation:- Yes, In the second half of the 19th century, Modern industry began to setup and Reason also support the Assertion.
Read the following statements: Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Choose one of the correct alternatives given below:
Assertion (A): The opening of the Suez Canal in 1869 reduced the cost of transportation.
Reason (R): Suez Canal provided a direct trade route for ships operating between Britain and India.
Alternatives
a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is False
d) Assertion (A) is False but Reason (R) is true.
Ans – a)
Read the following statements: Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Choose one of the correct alternatives given below:
Assertion (A): The restrictive policies of commodity production, trade, and tariff pursued by the colonial government adversely affected the structure and composition of India’s foreign trade.
Reason (R): India became an exporter of primary products such as raw silk, cotton, wool, sugar, indigo, jute, etc, and an importer of finished consumer goods like cotton, silk, and woolen clothes and capital goods like light machinery produced in the factories of Britain.
Alternatives
a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is False
d) Assertion (A) is False but Reason (R) is true.
Ans – a)
Explanation:- Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion
Read the following statements: Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Choose one of the correct alternatives given below:
Assertion (A): Dadabhai Naroji was the first who, estimated national income under British rule.
Reason (R): Per capita output increases meager half percent per year.
Alternatives
a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is False
d) Assertion (A) is False but Reason (R) is true.
Ans – b)
Read the following statements: Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Choose one of the correct alternatives given below:
Assertion (A): India’s foreign trade during the colonial period generated a large export surplus. But it came at a huge cost to the country’s economy.
Reason (R): The essential commodities like food grains, clothes, kerosene, etc. were scarcely available in the domestic market. Secondly, the export surplus did not result in any flow of gold or silver into India. Rather, this was used to meet war expenses, payment for imports of invisible items, etc. by the British Government (leading to the drain of India’s wealth)
Alternatives
a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is False
d) Assertion (A) is False but Reason (R) is true.
Ans – a)
Explanation:- Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
Read the following statements: Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Choose one of the correct alternatives given below:
Assertion (A): The infrastructure facilities during British rule were highly developed.
Reason (R): The main aim motive behind infrastructural development was to serve various colonial interests.
Alternatives
a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is False
d) Assertion (A) is False but Reason (R) is true.
Ans – d)
Read the following statements: Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Choose one of the correct alternatives given below:
Assertion (A): Suez canal is a natural canal.
Reason (R): It increased trade between India and Britain.
Alternatives
a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is False
d) Assertion (A) is False but Reason (R) is true.
Ans – d)
Read the following statements: Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Choose one of the correct alternatives given below:
Assertion (A): Under British rule, there was a huge export surplus due to excess exports.
Reason (R): India became an exporter of primary products and an importer of finished goods.
Alternatives
a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is False
d) Assertion (A) is False but Reason (R) is true.
Ans – a)
Read the following statements: Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Choose one of the correct alternatives given below:
Assertion (A): Capital goods industries are those which produce consumer goods using machines.
Reason (R): Capital goods industries were very few under British rule.
Alternatives
a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is False
d) Assertion (A) is False but Reason (R) is true.
Ans – d)
Read the following statements: Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Choose one of the correct alternatives given below:
Assertion (A): Farmers were forced to produce cash crops like cotton or jute instead of conventional crops like rice and wheat during the British Rule.
Reason (R): Agriculture was exploited through Zamindari System under the Colonial Rule.
Alternatives
a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is False
d) Assertion (A) is False but Reason (R) is true.
Ans – b)
Read the following statements: Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Choose one of the correct alternatives given below:
Assertion (A): Commercialisation of the crop means producing cash crop instead of food crop.
Reason (R): The commercialization of crops was very important for industrial development in India.
Alternatives
a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is False
d) Assertion (A) is False but Reason (R) is true.
Ans – c)
Read the following statements: Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Choose one of the correct alternatives given below:
Assertion (A): During the Colonial Rule, India’s exports exceeded imports, which resulted in a surplus of the balance of trade.
Reason (R): Trade Surplus was used for the development of the Indian Economy.
Alternatives
a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is False
d) Assertion (A) is False but Reason (R) is true.
Ans – c)
Read the following statements: Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Choose one of the correct alternatives given below:
Assertion (A): Social development indicators under British rule were not encouraging.
Reason (R): Overall literacy level was low, life expectancy was low.
Alternatives
a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is False
d) Assertion (A) is False but Reason (R) is true.
Ans – a)
Read the following statements: Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Choose one of the correct alternatives given below:
Assertion (A): Under the colonial regime, there was no infrastructure development.
Reason (R): Under the colonial regime, basic infrastructure such as railways, ports, water transport, posts, and telegraphs did develop though these efforts were spiced with selfish motives.
Alternatives
a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is False
d) Assertion (A) is False but Reason (R) is true.
Ans – d)
Explanation:- There was development in all sectors of infrastructure during colonial rule. Thus Assertion is false. Reason is true. All infrastructure developed by British government were for their own profit motive.
Read the following statements: Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Choose one of the correct alternatives given below:
Assertion (A): India’s renowned handicraft industry was systematically destroyed due to discriminatory tariff policies of the British Government.
Reason (R): Colonial Government imposed a heavy duty on the import of finished goods from Britain.
Alternatives
a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is False
d) Assertion (A) is False but Reason (R) is true.
Ans – c)
Read the following statements: Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Choose one of the correct alternatives given below:
Assertion (A): Under the colonial regime, the motive behind infrastructure development was to provide basic amenities to the people.
Reason (R): The real motive behind infrastructure development was to subserve various colonial interests.
Alternatives
a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is False
d) Assertion (A) is False but Reason (R) is true.
Ans – d)
Explanation:- Assertion is false. All development during colonial period was Britishers own motive. they developed infrastructure to mobilise army and to ease the movement of raw material upto the ports.
Read the following statements: Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Choose one of the correct alternatives given below:
Assertion (A): Occupational structure indicates gross domestic product derived from different sectors.
Reason (R): Occupational structure shows employment of people in different sectors.
Alternatives
a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is False
d) Assertion (A) is False but Reason (R) is true.
Ans – d)
Read the following statements: Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Choose one of the correct alternatives given below:
Assertion (A): During the colonial rule, there always remained an acute shortage of all-weather roads.
Reason (R): People mostly living in rural areas suffered grievously during natural calamities and famines.
Alternatives
a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is False
d) Assertion (A) is False but Reason (R) is true.
Ans – a)
Explanation:- Britishers did not build road in every part of country. They build where they needed. Thus, the people in rural areas used to suffer during natural calamities and famines as help could not reach at time due to lack of roads.
Read the following statements: Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Choose one of the correct alternatives given below:
Assertion (A): 1921 is regarded as the ‘Year of the Great Divide’.
Reason (R): After 1921, the total population in India never declined.
Alternatives
a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is False
d) Assertion (A) is False but Reason (R) is true.
Ans – a)
Read the following statements: Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Choose one of the correct alternatives given below:
Assertion (A): The social benefits, which the Indian people gained owing to the introduction of the railways were out weighted by the country’s huge economic loss.
Reason (R): It fostered commercialisation of Indian agriculture which adversely affected the self-sufficiency of the village economies in India. Secondly, the benefits of the increase in India’s exports did not accrue to the Indian people.
Alternatives
a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is False
d) Assertion (A) is False but Reason (R) is true.
Ans – a)
Read the following statements: Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Choose one of the correct alternatives given below:
Assertion (A): The Britishers introduced railways in 1850.
Reason (R): Railways foster the commercialization of agriculture.
Alternatives
a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is False
d) Assertion (A) is False but Reason (R) is true.
Ans – a)
Read the following statements: Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Choose one of the correct alternatives given below:
Assertion (A): The colonial government also took measures for developing the inland trade and sea lanes. However, these measures were far from satisfactory.
Reason (R): The inland waterways proved uneconomical as in the case of the coast canal on the Orissa coast. Though the canal was built at a huge cost, yet it failed to compete with the railways, which soon transversed the region running parallel to the canal, and had to be ultimately abandoned.
Alternatives
a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is False
d) Assertion (A) is False but Reason (R) is true.
Ans – a)
Read the following statements: Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Choose one of the correct alternatives given below:
Assertion (A): India could not develop a sound industrial base under British Rule.
Reason (R): The colonial government reduced India to the status of a mere exporter of raw materials to be used by upcoming industries in Britain.
Alternatives
a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is False
d) Assertion (A) is False but Reason (R) is true.
Ans – a)
Read the following statements: Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Choose one of the correct alternatives given below:
Assertion (A): On the eve of independence, the social and economic challenges before the country were enormous.
Reason (R): The agricultural sector suffered from extremely low productivity. The industrial sector was crying for modernisation, diversification, capacity building, and increased public investment. Infrastructure facilities needed up gradation and expansion. There was a prevalence of rampant poverty and unemployment.
Alternatives
a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is False
d) Assertion (A) is False but Reason (R) is true.
Ans – a)
Read the following statements: Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Choose one of the correct alternatives given below:
Assertion (A): British introduced an expensive system of the electric telegraph.
Reason (R): Electric telegraph helped the Indian masses to contact their relatives in Britain.
Alternatives
a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is False
d) Assertion (A) is False but Reason (R) is true.
Ans – c)
Read the following statements: Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Choose one of the correct alternatives given below:
Assertion (A): The sole purpose of the British colonial rule in India was to reduce the country to being a raw material supplier.
Reason (R): The intention was to reduce India to the status of a mere exporter of important raw materials for the upcoming modern industries in Britain and, to turn India into a sprawling market for the finished products of those industries so that their continued expansion could be ensured to the maximum advantage of their home country – Britain.
Alternatives
a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is False
d) Assertion (A) is False but Reason (R) is true.
Ans – a)
Read the following statements: Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Choose one of the correct alternatives given below:
Assertion (A): The level of economic growth was low under British rule.
Reason (R): De-industrialisation took place under British rule.
Alternatives
a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is False
d) Assertion (A) is False but Reason (R) is true.
Ans – a)
Read the following statements: Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Choose one of the correct alternatives given below:
Assertion (A): An understanding of the Indian economy before independence is necessary.
Reason (R): It will help to know and appreciate the level of economic development achieved during the post-independence period.
Alternatives
a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is False
d) Assertion (A) is False but Reason (R) is true.
Ans – a)
Read the following statements: Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Choose one of the correct alternatives given below:
Assertion (A): Agriculture sector face stagnation under British rule.
Reason (R): British acquire monopoly control over India’s trade
Alternatives
a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is False
d) Assertion (A) is False but Reason (R) is true.
Ans – b)
Read the following statements: Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Choose one of the correct alternatives given below:
Assertion (A): Agriculture was the main source of livelihood for most people.
Reason (R): About 65 percent of the country’s population lived mostly in villages and derived livelihood directly or indirectly from agriculture.
Alternatives
a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is False
d) Assertion (A) is False but Reason (R) is true.
Ans – c)
Read the following statements: Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Choose one of the correct alternatives given below:
Assertion (A): Agriculture sector was saddled with surplus labor under British rule.
Reason (R): Industrial sector was crying for modernization.
Alternatives
a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is False
d) Assertion (A) is False but Reason (R) is true.
Ans – b)
Read the following statements: Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Choose one of the correct alternatives given below:
Assertion (A): India’s economy under British colonial rule remained fundamentally agrarian.
Reason (R): About 85% of the country’s population derived livelihood directly or indirectly from agriculture.
Alternatives
a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is False
d) Assertion (A) is False but Reason (R) is true.
Ans – a)
Read the following statements: Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Choose one of the correct alternatives given below:
Assertion (A): India developed a sound industrial base during colonial rule.
Reason (R): The industrial sector was crying for modernization, diversification, capacity building, and increased public investment.
Alternatives
a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is False
d) Assertion (A) is False but Reason (R) is true.
Ans – d)
Read the following statements: Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Choose one of the correct alternatives given below:
Assertion (A): The main cause of the stagnation in the agricultural sector in India under British colonial rule was the Zamindari system.
Reason (R): The stagnation in the agricultural sector was caused mainly because of the various systems of land settlement that were introduced by the colonial government, particularly the zamindari system.
Alternatives
a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is False
d) Assertion (A) is False but Reason (R) is true.
Ans – a)
Read the following statements: Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Choose one of the correct alternatives given below:
Assertion (A): India became an exporter of primary products and an importer of finished consumer and capital goods produced in Britain.
Reason (R): Restrictive policies of commodity production, trade, and tariff pursued by the colonial government adversely affected the structure, composition, and volume of India’s foreign trade.
Alternatives
a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is False
d) Assertion (A) is False but Reason (R) is true.
Ans – a)
Read the following statements: Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Choose one of the correct alternatives given below:
Assertion (A): The zamindari system of revenue settlement introduced by the colonial government caused immense misery and social tension among the cultivators.
Reason (R): The main interest of the zamindars was only to collect rent regardless of the economic condition of the cultivators.
Alternatives
a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is False
d) Assertion (A) is False but Reason (R) is true.
Ans – a)
Read the following statements: Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Choose one of the correct alternatives given below:
Assertion (A): Railways brought a significant change in the structure of the Indian economy.
Reason (R): It enabled people to break geographical and cultural barriers and promoted the commercialization of agriculture.
Alternatives
a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is False
d) Assertion (A) is False but Reason (R) is true.
Ans – a)
Read the following statements: Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Choose one of the correct alternatives given below:
Assertion (A): The main interest of the zamindars was only to collect rent regardless of the economic condition of the cultivators, which caused immense misery and social tension among the cultivators.
Reason (R): Dates for depositing specified sums of revenue were fixed by the British, failing which the zamindars were to lose their rights.
Alternatives
a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is False
d) Assertion (A) is False but Reason (R) is true.
Ans – b)
Read the following statements: Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Choose one of the correct alternatives given below:
Assertion (A): The traditional handicrafts industries were ruined under British rule.
Reason (R): British objective was to turn India into a sprawling market for the finished goods produced in Britain.
Alternatives
a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is False
d) Assertion (A) is False but Reason (R) is true.
Ans – b)
Read the following statements: Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Choose one of the correct alternatives given below:
Assertion (A): More than Half of India’s Foreign trade was restricted to Britain.
Reason (R): Britain maintained Monopoly control on India’s Import and Export.
Alternatives
a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is False
d) Assertion (A) is False but Reason (R) is true.
Ans – a)
Read the following statements: Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Choose one of the correct alternatives given below:
Assertion (A): British rulers followed discriminatory tariff policy wherein Indian imports were made tariff-free and heavy tariffs were imposed on the export of Indian Handicrafts.
Reason (R): This facilitated trade and resulted in huge inflows of funds in India.
Alternatives
a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is False
d) Assertion (A) is False but Reason (R) is true.
Ans – c)
Read the following statements: Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Choose one of the correct alternatives given below:
Assertion (A): India was more of a consumer than a supplier of materials for finished goods.
Reason (R): British policies were more directed towards their own economic interests.
Alternatives
a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is False
d) Assertion (A) is False but Reason (R) is true.
Ans – a)
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